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Trichosporon
''Trichosporon'' is a genus of anamorphic fungi in the family Trichosporonaceae. All species of ''Trichosporon'' are yeasts with no known teleomorphs (sexual states). Most are typically isolated from soil, but several species occur as a natural part of the skin microbiota of humans and other animals. Proliferation of ''Trichosporon'' yeasts in the hair can lead to an unpleasant but non-serious condition known as white piedra. ''Trichosporon'' species can also cause severe opportunistic infections (trichosporonosis) in immunocompromised individuals.
==Taxonomy==
The genus was first described by the German dermatologist Gustav Behrend in 1890, based on yeasts isolated from the hairs of a moustache where they were causing the condition known as "white piedra".〔 Behrend called his new species ''T. ovoides'', but subsequently ''Pleurococcus beigelii'' (later recombined as ''Trichosporon beigelii'') was considered to be an earlier name for the same species and was accepted as the type of the genus ''Trichosporon''.
Over 100 additional yeast species were referred to ''Trichosporon'' by later authors.〔 With the advent of DNA sequencing, however, it became clear that many of these additional species belonged in other genera. Based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, just under 40 species are now accepted in the genus.〔
DNA sequencing has also shown that white piedra can be caused by more than one ''Trichoporon'' species. As a result, ''Trichosporon beigelii'' has become a name of uncertain application. McPartland & Goff selected a neotype strain that makes ''T. beigelii'' synonymous with ''Trichosporon cutaneum''.〔〔 Guého and others, however, have argued that ''T. beigelii'' should be discarded (as a dubious name) and Behrend's original ''T. ovoides'' (for which a neotype strain has also been selected) should become the type.〔 As a result of this uncertainty, the name ''T. beigelii'' is now obsolete.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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